Created smnp.lang (markdown)

smnp.lang.md

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+The `smnp.lang` module provides essential functions and methods that haven't been implemented directly in SMNP interpreter. The `smnp.lang` is kind of privileged because of fact, that it is implicitly loaded in _each_ SMNP script, even without any `import` statement. 
+
+# Constructors
+Constructors technically are nothing but functions. They just "emulate" real constructors from other general purpose programming languages that support object-oriented programming paradigm.
+## `Int(value: <int, float>)`
+Creates new `int` from other `int` or `float`.
+The construction is typically used in other stdlib modules to round `float` types down.
+
+### Arguments
+* value of `int` or `float` type
+
+### Output
+* newly created `int`
+
+### Example
+```
+x = 3.14;
+y = Int(x);
+
+println(typeOf(y)); # int
+println(y);         # 3
+```
+
+## `Note(pitch: string, octave: int, duration: int, dot: bool)`
+Creates new `note` with given parameters.
+
+### Arguments
+* `pitch` - the pitch of note. Available values: `C, Cb, C#, D, Db, D#, E, ...`
+* `octave` - the octave of note
+* `duration` - the denominator of fraction that determines the duration of note: `1 = whole, 2 = half, 4 = quarter, ...`
+* `dot` - an optional dot which extends the note duration by half of its value
+
+### Output
+* note of given parameters
+
+### Example
+```
+x = Note("Eb", 3, 16, true);
+println(x == @Eb3:16d);        # true
+```
+
+## `Note(pitch: string, octave: int, durationNumerator: int, durationDenominator: int)`
+Creates new `note` with given parameters.
+
+### Arguments
+* `pitch` - the pitch of note. Available values: `C, Cb, C#, D, Db, D#, E, ...`
+* `octave` - the octave of note
+* `durationNumerator` - together with `durationDenominator` determines the total duration of note:
+```
+When: 
+durationNumerator == durationDenominator -> whole note
+durationNumerator == 0.5 * durationDenominator -> half note
+durationNumerator == 0.25 * durationDenominator -> quarter note
+...
+```
+* `durationDenominator` - as above
+
+### Output
+* note of given parameters
+
+### Example
+```
+x = Note("Eb", 3, 3, 32);
+println(x == @Eb3:16d);        # true
+```
+
+# Functions
+## `typeOf(object)`
+Returns the type name of passed object.
+
+### Arguments
+* object - object of any type
+
+### Output
+* type name of passed object as string
+
+### Example
+```
+println(typeOf(14));                        # integer
+println(typeOf(@A#));                       # note
+println(typeOf([1, 2, 3]));                 # list
+println(typeOf([@c, @d, 4]));               # list
+println(typeOf({ c -> @c, d -> @d }));      # map
+```
+
+# Methods
+## `<list>.get(index: int)`
+Returns list element of given index.
+
+### Arguments
+* index - index of desired element. Note, that counting starts with 0.
+
+### Output
+* element of list with given index. Throws an error if index is out of bounds.
+
+### Example
+```
+myList = [1, 2, 3, 4];
+lastElement = myList.get(3);
+println(lastElement);           # 4
+```
+
+## `<map>.get(key: <int, note, string, bool>)`
+Returns map element associated with given key.
+
+### Arguments
+* key - key of value that is about to be returned
+
+### Output
+* element associated with given key. Throws an error if key doesn't exist.
+
+### Example
+```
+myMap = {
+    true -> false,
+    @Eb3:2d -> 14,    
+    hello -> "world"
+};
+
+element = myMap.get("hello");
+println(element);               # world
+```
+
+## `<string>.charAt(index: int)`
+Returns string's character of given index.
+
+### Arguments
+* index - index of desired character. Counting starts with 0.
+
+### Output
+*character of given index. Throws an error if index is out of bounds.
+
+### Example
+```
+x = "hello";
+println(x.charAt(1));    # e
+```
+
+## `<any>.toString()`
+Returns a string representation of any available object.
+
+### Arguments
+_none_
+
+### Output
+* string representation of object
+
+### Example
+```
+println(@Eb3:8d.toString());                                        # D#3:(3/16)
+
+println(typeOf(14.toString()));                                     # string
+println(typeOf("hello, world".toString()));                         # string
+println(typeOf(true.toString()));                                   # string
+println(typeOf(@Gb3:16d.toString()));                               # string
+println(typeOf({ first -> @c, second -> [1, 2, 3] }.toString()));   # string
+```